RECONSTRUCTION OF THE LEGAL PROTECTION MODEL FOR REPORTING WITNESSES IN DISCLOSING EXTRAORDINARY CRIMES
Keywords:
Witness Reporting, Legal Protection, LPSK, Extraordinary Crimes, Legal HarmonizationAbstract
Legal protection for reporting witnesses is essential to uncovering serious crimes involving power imbalances, organized networks, or perpetrators capable of intimidation. Law Number 3 of 2026 on Witness and Victim Protection and Law Number 20 of 2025 on the Criminal Procedure Code provide a more explicit normative basis for protecting journalists. Nevertheless, statutory recognition alone does not ensure effective coordination, rapid responses to threats, identity confidentiality, or continuity of protection. This article examines the relationship between the two statutes and proposes an integrated, risk-based protection model through normative legal research. The proposed model includes early identification, risk assessment, expedited referral to LPSK, restricted access to identity data, inter-agency coordination, safeguards against retaliation, recovery support, and periodic review. The proposal requires further evaluation against institutional practice and implementing regulations.
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