LEGAL POSITION OF APARTMENT SALE PURCHASE BINDING AGREEMENTS IN DEVELOPER BANKRUPTCY DISPUTES SETTLEMENT IN INDONESIA
Keywords:
Apartments, Bankruptcy, Sales and Purchase Agreements, Legal Protection, Judge’s ConsiderationsAbstract
The Apartment Sales and Purchase Agreement (PPJB) is a legal instrument widely used as the basis for legal relations between developers and buyers before the Sale and Purchase Deed or the transfer of rights to the apartment unit is executed. In practice, problems arise when developers are declared bankrupt, creating uncertainty regarding the legal standing of the PPJB and legal protection for buyers who have fulfilled their obligations. This study aims to analyze the legal standing of the apartment PPJB in resolving developer bankruptcy disputes and examine the judge’s legal considerations in providing protection to buyers based on the provisions of Indonesian positive law. This study is a normative legal study using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. The analysis was conducted on laws and regulations, court decisions, and various relevant literature. The results of the study indicate that the PPJB is a valid agreement and binds the parties based on the principle of pacta sunt servanda. However, in bankruptcy cases, the buyer’s position under the PPJB still faces legal uncertainty due to the conflict between contract law, land law, and bankruptcy law. Therefore, it is necessary to harmonize regulations and ensure consistency in the judges’ considerations to ensure legal certainty, justice, and legal protection for apartment buyers in good faith.
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