IJESS International Journal of Education and Social Science
International Journal of Education and Social Science (IJESS) eISSN 2686-2239 International Journal of Education and Social Science (IJESS) is an international, peer-reviewed journal publishing articles on all aspects of EDUCATION and SOCIAL SCIENCES. International Journal of Education and Social Science (IJESS) welcomes submissions of the following article types: (1) Papers: reports of high-quality original research with conclusions representing a significant advance, novelty or new finding in the field; (2) Topical Reviews: written by leading researchers in their fields, these articles present the background to and overview of a particular field, and the current state of the art. Topical Reviews are normally invited by the Editorial Board; (3) Comments: comment or criticism on work previously published in the journal. These are usually published with an associated Reply. International Journal of Education and Social Science (IJESS) publishes two issues per year, published by IPEST, International Peneliti Ekonomi, Sosial dan Teknologi, Indonesia, and published in English
INTERNATIONAL PENELITI EKONOMI, SOSIAL, DAN TEKNOLOGI
The Effect of Return on Assets and Debt to Equity Ratio on Earnings Per Share
The purpose of this study is 1) to determine the effect of Return on Assets (ROA) on Earning Per Share (EPS) at PT Darya-Varia Laboratoria Tbk for the period 2013-2022. 2) to determine the effect of Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on Earning Per Share (EPS) at PT Darya-Varia Laboratoria Tbk for the period 2013-2022. 3) To determine the direction of Return on Assets (ROA) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) on Earning Per Share (EPS) simultaneously at PT Darya-Varia Laboratoria Tbk for the period 2013-2022. The research method used in this study is quantitative research with a descriptive and associative approach. The data analysis technique uses Descriptive Statistical Test, Classical Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression Test, Hypothesis Test and Determination Coefficient Test. The results of this study are 1) Return On Asset (ROA) partially has a significant effect on Earning Per Share (EPS) at PT Darya-Varia Laboratoria Tbk for the period 2013-2022. This is evidenced by the Return On Assets (ROA) variable obtained a t-value of 5.332 with a significance value of 0.001. 2) Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) partially has a significant effect on Earning Per Share (EPS) at PT Darya-Varia Laboratoria Tbk for the period 2013-2022. This is evidenced by the Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) variable obtained a t-value of 3.396 with a significance value of 0.012. 3) Return On Assets (ROA) and Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) simultaneously have a significant effect on Earning Per Share (EPS) at PT Darya-Varia Laboratoria Tbk for the period 2013-2022. This is proven by the results of the simultaneous test with an F-table of 4.74, obtaining an F-count value of 18.013 and a significance value of 0.002.
Copyright (c) 2025 Neneng Tita Amalya, Tri Sulistyani, Yhonanda Harsono, Aditya Rizky Fakhresi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Women's Transformative Leadership in Realizing the Vision of Education Sustainable
The transformative leadership of female principals plays a strategic role in addressing the challenges of 21st century education, especially in an effort to realize the vision of sustainable education. This research is motivated by the increasing participation of women in school leadership positions and the need for adaptive, inclusive, and visionary leadership. The purpose of this study was to identify the transformative leadership characteristics of female principals, analyze their leadership contributions in realizing the vision of sustainable education, and explore the challenges and adaptive strategies used. This study uses a literature review approach. This approach was chosen because it allows researchers to conduct critical synthesis of various scientific studies that have been published, both conceptually and empirically. The results showed that female school principals applied transformative leadership values such as ideal influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individual attention. Female principals also play an active role in integrating the principles of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) into managerial practices and developing adaptive strategies through strengthening social-professional networks, independent personal capacity development, and local context-based innovation.
Copyright (c) 2025 Linda Afriani, Mutmainnah, Burhanuddin, Eka Rista Harimurti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Asset Expansion and Revenue Growth on Capital Structure
This scholarly investigation sought to ascertain the influence of asset augmentation and sales expansion on the financial architecture of PT Mayora Indah Tbk, spanning the fiscal years 2014 through 2024. A quantitative descriptive methodology was employed, leveraging multivariate linear regression analysis. The foundational data were extracted from the enterprise's officially published annual financial statements. The statistical t-test indicated that Asset Expansion did not exert a statistically significant effect on capital structure, as evidenced by a t-statistic of -0.633 (which was below the critical t-value of 1.895) and an associated significance level of 0.544 (exceeding 0.05). Concurrently, Revenue Growth similarly demonstrated no discernible significant impact, with a t-statistic of 1.611 and a significance level of 0.146. The concurrent F-test corroborated these findings, revealing that both independent variables, when considered in concert, did not collectively possess a significant influence on capital structure (F-statistic of 1.299, which was less than the critical F-value of 4.74; significance level of 0.325). An Adjusted R-squared value of 0.056 implied that merely 5.6% of the variability observed in capital structure could be elucidated by the proposed model, with the substantial remainder attributable to unexamined exogenous variables.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ayu Anis Mahmudah, Esti Suntari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of Mix Media Collage Through The Project-Based Learning Approach to Improve Independence and Learning Creativity of Grade XI Students in The Material of Personal Ekspression Works
This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of applying mixed media collage techniques in Project-Based Learning (PjBL) based visual arts instruction on increasing the independence and learning creativity of Grade XI students in the Personal Expression Artwork material. The background of this research is the low exploration of ideas and active participation of students in art instruction which is still dominated by conventional approaches. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design, involving one cohort of Grade XI students at SMAN 1 Boyolangu for approximately five months. Data collection techniques include participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of student artworks. The results show a significant increase in the aspect of learning independence, which is reflected in students' initiative in managing projects independently, as well as in the aspect of visual creativity, seen from the diversity of materials and techniques in the resulting collage artworks. Students were also able to display personal expression through emotionally meaningful themes. These findings support constructivism and humanistic theories, and reinforce the results of previous research regarding the effectiveness of PjBL in art instruction. The research conclusion indicates that the combination of PjBL and mixed media collage not only improves the quality of visual arts instruction, but also fosters independent and creative character in students. The practical implications of this research can serve as a reference in the development of contextual, expressive, and student-centered art learning strategies.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ayunda Novi, Eliya Banowati, Najwa Rambu, Wisnu Setia https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Emotions as A Driving Factor of Political Conformity Among Generation Z in Regional Elections
This study aims to analyze the influence of conformity on the emotional aspects of Generation Z in determining political choices in local elections. The research involved 40 respondents who are online game players in Gowa Regency, consisting of both male and female participants. The research instrument used questionnaires containing 32 items for the conformity variable and 32 items for the emotional variable. The descriptive analysis showed that the respondents’ conformity level was in the moderate category with a mean score of 37 (SD = 4.03), while their emotional level was also in the moderate category with a mean score of 37.01 (SD = 5.6). Normality and linearity tests confirmed that the data were normally distributed (p > 0.05) and revealed a significant linear relationship between the two variables (p = 0.02). Simple regression analysis indicated that conformity influenced the emotional aspects of Generation Z by 12.6%, with a regression coefficient of 0.415, suggesting a positive relationship. These findings highlight that the higher the tendency of Generation Z to conform to their group, the stronger the emotional influence in their political decision-making. The results are consistent with social psychology and emotional intelligence theories, which emphasize that social pressure can reinforce individuals’ emotional responses. Therefore, conformity plays a crucial role in understanding the dynamics of Generation Z’s emotional involvement, particularly in the context of political behavior in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2025 Suci; Joko Purwanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perceptions of Injustice in Wives' Dual Roles and Divorce Petitions: A Communication Study in Modern Families
Women who take on dual roles as both homemakers and breadwinners often face unequal burdens within the structure of modern families. While modernization has opened up space for women's participation in the public sector, traditional expectations regarding domestic responsibilities remain deeply rooted. This study aims to understand the perception of injustice in the dual roles of wives and its impact on decisions to file for divorce initiated by women. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with women who experience dual roles and face divorce, supported by a literature review. The findings reveal that perceived injustice arises when husbands do not share domestic responsibilities, even when their wives also work outside the home. This imbalance creates tension in the household, especially when coupled with poor communication, lack of empathy, and third-party influences such as extended family. However, the study also highlights that a commitment to sharing responsibilities, honest communication, and flexibility in role-taking can serve as key factors in maintaining family cohesion. The research emphasizes that in modern families, role distribution should be based on equality and mutual understanding, rather than traditional gender constructs. Therefore, it is crucial for couples to build healthy communication and shared commitment to ensure that dual roles do not become a source of conflict leading to divorce.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ni Komang Dwi Budiyani, Tina Kartika, Ibrahim Besar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Public Relations Strategy of the Bogor City DPRD Secretariat in Disseminating Public Information Through Instagram Social Media
This study aims to examine the communication strategies implemented by the Public Relations Division of the Bogor City DPRD Secretariat in utilizing Instagram as a primary medium for disseminating public information. In addition, the research focuses on identifying the most effective types of content to be published in order to build a positive institutional image and enhance public participation. The research method employed is qualitative descriptive, with data collection techniques including in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation. The findings indicate that the management of the @setwankotabogor Instagram account is conducted professionally, with clear division of tasks among team members, intensive coordination, and a systematic content curation process. The variety of content published includes documentation of DPRD activities, educational content, collaborations, interactive posts, creative visuals, and internal secretariat activities. The use of Instagram has proven effective in delivering information quickly, attractively, and transparently, as well as in fostering active public engagement. Despite facing technical and budgetary limitations, the digital strategies applied have succeeded in positioning Instagram as a modern and accountable public communication platform. This study recommends strengthening human resources and exploring other digital platforms to further support the effectiveness of legislative communication in the future.
Copyright (c) 2025 Kerenhapukh Eunike Befalya Sirait, Ika Sartika https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Promotion Strategies in Increasing The Number of New Students
The author conducted this research at SDIT Bina Cendekia. The purpose of the study was to determine the promotion strategy for new student admissions during the pandemic. A qualitative approach is an analysis that is used without the use of numerical calculations, but based on judgments or opinions and the basics that can support subjective decision making. Data collection methods used in this study include observation, interviews and documentation obtained from the principal, teachers and staff of SDIT Bina Cendekia. The results of the study indicate that the marketing approach used in student recruitment at SDIT Bina Cendekia Depok is based on the concept of a promotional mix such as advertising including print media (signboards, banners, brochures), sales promotions that offer free registration fees, and personal sales based on. The school will also promote SDIT Bina Cendekia Depok to the surrounding community. Public relations/advertising, especially by contacting the nearest kindergarten to announce that SDIT Bina Cendekia Depok has started registering and direct sales, especially by providing brochures and other information so that prospective new students can get clearer information. The method is by providing the school's telephone number on the banner.
Copyright (c) 2025 Munarsih, Yhonanda Harsono, Muhammad Musyfiq Salami https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effectiveness of Social Media Use on Gen Z Communication Patterns in The Digital Era
The development of digital technology has significantly changed people's communication patterns, especially among Gen Z, known as the digital native generation. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of social media utilization on the communication patterns of students in the Digital Communication and Media Study Program, IPB Vocational School. The research approach used was quantitative with a survey method of 179 respondents. Data collection techniques were carried out through online questionnaires, while data analysis techniques included descriptive statistical tests, multiple linear regression tests, and hypothesis testing to examine the influence of independent variables on communication patterns. The results of the study indicate that social media utilization has a significant influence on student communication patterns, especially in aspects of interactivity, accelerating information dissemination, and expanding communication reach. Platforms such as Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube play an important role in supporting students to interact more effectively in the digital era. Individual characteristics such as age, gender, and pocket money do not have a significant influence on student communication patterns. Based on the results of the regression test, the variable of social media utilization has a significance value <0.05, which indicates a real influence on students' digital communication patterns. This study concludes that social media contributes positively in facilitating communication in the digital era, especially for digital communication and media students. Optimizing the wise use of social media is expected to improve the effectiveness of academic and social communication. Research recommendations suggest that students utilize social media productively and educational institutions integrate digital platforms into the learning process to support more interactive and efficient academic interactions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Shafira Dara Nurhaliza Prihantira, Leonard Dharmawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Influence of Competence and Physical Work Environment on Teacher Performance
This study aims to determine the effect of Competence and Physical Work Environment on Employee Performance at SMK Makarya 1 Jakarta. The sample in this study used a quantitative approach with 40 teachers at SMK Makarya 1 Jakarta as respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS version 27. Instrument tests (validity and reliability), classical assumption tests (normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity), and hypothesis tests (partial and simultaneous) were conducted to determine the influence of independent variables on the dependent variable. The results of the analysis showed that all research instruments were declared valid and reliable. The resulting regression model was Y = -2.148 + 0.692 X1 + 0.287 X2. Partially, competence (X1) had a positive and significant effect on teacher performance with a t-count of 7.592 (p < 0.05) and a significance of 0.000. Likewise, the physical work environment (X2) had a positive and significant effect with a t-count of 3.424 (p < 0.05) and a significance of 0.001. Simultaneously, competence and the physical work environment together had a significant effect on teacher performance, indicated by an F-count of 54.542 with a significance of 0.000 (p < 0.05). The two independent variables contributed 74.7% to explaining the variation in teacher performance (R Square = 0.747), while the remaining 25.3% was explained by other factors outside the research model.
Copyright (c) 2025 Naomi Nirmala Shanti, Kamsidik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
DKIS Cirebon City Communication Strategy in Tackling Hoaxes Through Instagram @cirebonsaberhoaks
This research analyzes the communication strategy implemented by the Department of Communication, Informatics, and Statistics (DKIS) of Cirebon City in tackling the spread of hoaxes through Instagram @cirebonsaberhoaks. The widespread dissemination of false information through various digital platforms has become a serious threat to healthy public information and communication. The purpose of this research is to analyze the communication strategies and challenges faced by DKIS Cirebon City in countering hoaxes. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data was collected through observation, interviews, and literature studies. The results show that DKIS Cirebon City implements a communication strategy consisting of three key components: focused utilization of digital platforms, a dual-focus approach (information clarification and education), and publication of anti-hoax content. Nevertheless, the program still faces significant challenges in the form of evolving technology for hoax dissemination, limited reach of a single platform, and suboptimal inter-institutional coordination. This research contributes to the development of more adaptive and innovative public communication models in tackling hoaxes at the regional level.
Copyright (c) 2025 Safira Nissa Salsabiela, Burhanuddin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation Public Relations Performance of The Bogor City Legislative Council Secretariat in Improving Communication Strategies Digital Insta-gram Account @Setwankotabogor
In the era of digitalization and bureaucratic reform, demands for transparency, accountability and openness of public information are getting higher. This research aims to analyze the implementation of the Public Relations performance of the Bogor City DPRD Secretariat in managing digital communication strategies through the @setwankotabogor Instagram account, as well as identifying challenges faced and steps taken to improve the effectiveness of public communication. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with an observation approach, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. The results showed that the Public Relations of the Bogor City DPRD actively utilizes Instagram as the main communication media with a focus on disclosing information on official activities and building a positive image of the institution. However, significant challenges faced include limited human resources, digital work tools, and content creativity. To address these challenges, public relations implemented a strategy of adaptation to digital trends, regular content evaluation, intensive internal coordination, and utilization of big moments to increase information reach. This research confirms the important role of government public relations in building two-way communication with the public through an adaptive and structured digital strategy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Azqia Denariansyah, Willy Bachtiar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Evaluation of the Impact of the Program Keluarga Harapan Through Pertemuan Peningkatan Kemampuan Keluargas
The study aims to evaluate the impact of the Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) through Family Development Session (FDS/P2K2) in Kubu Raya Regency, present a relevant and significant area of research. This poverty alleviation initiative is expected to contribute to efforts in reducing poverty rates and improving the capabilities of low income families. The initial problems identified include changes in the mindset and behavior of beneficiaries in accessing health and education services before and after participacing the PKH program, limited participation of beneficiaries in fulfilling their obligations to attend Family Development Session (FDS/P2K2), the tendency of beneficiaries to use PKH assistance primarily for consumptive needs and to remain dependent on the assistance, also the emerging impacts of P2K2 implementation in Kubu Raya Regency. The writing of this thesis aims to determine the impact of P2K2 on changes the mindset and behavior of beneficiaries through P2K2 in Kubu Raya Regency. Data were obtained through interviews conducted with various predetermined subjects, namely PKH beneficiaries, PKH social assistants, social assistance coordinators, and the head of the Social Service Office of Kubu Raya Regency. The results of this study indicate that the impact of P2K2 requires further optimization to ensure that beneficiaries can consistently access health and education services. Beneficiaries attendance in P2K2 activites is generally satisfactory; however, participation of elderly beneficiaries remains low and requires improvement. Beneficiaries remain dependent on PKH assistance; therefore, training and empowerment programs are necessary to promote self reliance. In the short term, the impact of PKH is primarily limited to fulfilling consumptive needs, whereas medium and long-term impacts require sustained efforts through the collaboration of all PKH implementing stakeholders in Kubu Raya Regency.
Copyright (c) 2025 Bambang Suko Winarno, Azrita Mardhalena, Nurfitri Nugrahaningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of Information Commission Regulation Number 1 of 2018 Concerning Village Public Information Service Standards in Independent Villages
This thesis aims to provide an understanding of how the Regulation of the Information Commission (PerKI) Number 1 of 2018 concerning the Standards of Public Information Services (SLIP) for villages is implemented in self-reliant villages in Sungai Raya District, Kubu Raya Regency, as an elaboration of Law Number 14 of 2018 on Public Information Disclosure (KIP). The main problem identified is that the implementation of PerKI Number 1 of 2018 regarding Village SLIP has not been optimal. Public information services managed by the Village Information and Documentation Management Officer (PPID) have not fully complied with the established Village SLIP, and no derivative regulation at the regency level provides technical support to strengthen village PPID management. This study seeks to understand the situation and analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors affecting the institutional condition of Village PPID in self-reliant villages in Sungai Raya District, Kubu Raya Regency, West Kalimantan Province, in implementing PerKI Number 1 of 2018. The findings show that the implementation has not run effectively. Organizationally, Village PPID as the implementer has not performed its role as expected due to limited apparatus resources overlapping with public service duties. Stakeholders’ interpretation of policy objectives has not been fully conveyed, and practical implementation has not consistently followed PerKI Number 1 of 2018. This study recommends optimizing the role of Village PPID through regional agencies responsible for public information disclosure, improving the capacity of village apparatus through socialization, training, or technical guidance, and issuing derivative regulations as operational guidelines for translating PerKI Number 1 of 2018 concerning Village SLIP.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lufti Faurusal Hasan, Rusdiono, Jumadi, Martoyo, Pabali Musa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Implementation of Good Governance Principles in Public Services
This research provides an understanding of the implementation of good governance principles in the public service at the Class IIA Correctional Facility Pontianak. The research investigates issues related to the occurrence of overcrowding for years in the correctional facility, the lack of prison guards responsible for family visit services, and the baggage scanner (X-ray machine) for family visitors that is already broken. The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze how good governance principles are implemented in the public service at the Class IIA Correctional Facility Pontianak. The results showed that the correctional facility implemented at least two of nine principles expressed by the UNDP 1997, such as the responsiveness principle and efficient and effectiveness principle. Based on the interviews and observations in this research, prison guards have served visitors responsively, in line with the SOP. The prison guards strive to maintain a high level of accuracy in their work, although the shortage of service staff remains an obstacle to providing responsive services. Meanwhile, in the efficient and effective principle, the research observed that the service was given structurally. However, the visit baggage scanning was still low due to the limited number of prison guards and the large number of visitor belongings while visiting the correctional facility. This research suggests that an implementation of virtual reality (VR) -based visits to facilitate families who live far from the correctional facility. In addition, the use of big data and AI is highly encouraged to manage visitor load and develop a “Visit Facilitator” program involving the alumni of the prisoners or some volunteers. As a final suggestion, a gamification system is needed to improve compliance with visitation procedures, along with mobile visitation services through a mobile service unit.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indah Meilasari, Sri Haryaningsih, Sri Maryuni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Perceptions of Rambu Solo’ as a Torajan Cultural Identity in the Era of Globalization
This study aims to explore the perceptions of Torajan youth, particularly members of the PPGT Marante Congregation, toward the traditional Rambu Solo’ ceremony. The research employed a qualitative approach with three respondents selected based on the following criteria: active involvement in PPGT, understanding of Rambu Solo’, willingness to participate as respondents, and Torajan cultural background. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically, emphasizing three main dimensions: cognitive, affective, and conative. The findings reveal that, cognitively, Rambu Solo’ is perceived as a customary obligation with profound spiritual meaning—not merely a funeral ritual but also a means of honoring ancestors and symbolizing cultural identity. Affectively, the respondents’ emotional attachment is reflected in their motivation to preserve the tradition through solidarity, mutual cooperation, kinship, and church support that strengthens the spiritual aspect. Meanwhile, in the conative dimension, respondents demonstrate determination and orientation to sustain Rambu Solo’ through concrete actions such as integrating customary values with Christian faith, digital documentation, social media utilization, and cultural education among the younger generation. These findings affirm that Torajan youth’s perceptions of Rambu Solo’ are influenced by internal factors—such as cultural identity, personal experience, and preservation commitment—and external factors, including family, church, PPGT community, formal education, digital media, and the challenges of globalization. Thus, Rambu Solo’ is not merely regarded as a traditional ritual but as a symbol of cultural identity that reinforces social solidarity and cultural resilience among the Torajan people in the modern era.
Copyright (c) 2025 Munaing, Roselinda, Sry Hasrini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Collaborative Role of MSMEs and the Blue Economy in Achieving Sustainable Development in Coastal Areas of East Kalimantan
This research aims to mIdentifying and analyzing collaboration between MSMEs and the blue economy to realize sustainable development in the coastal areas of East Kalimantan.The research was conducted in several regencies in East Kalimantan, namely Balikpapan, Paser, Bontang, Kutai Kartanegara, and East Kutai. These regions were selected because they have significant maritime-based economic activity. Data collection was conducted over a two-month period. This study used a qualitative approach to explore the perceptions, experiences, and views of MSMEs regarding collaboration with the blue economy. The results of this study demonstrate the role ofCollaboration between MSMEs and the blue economy concept not only positively impacts the well-being of coastal communities but also serves as a strategic step towards achieving sustainable development. Strengthening collaboration between MSMEs and the blue economy can become a driving force for sustainable development.
Copyright (c) 2025 Jumri, Siti Mujanah, Abdul Halik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Enhancing Students’ Learning Outcomes in Fundamental Social Studies Concepts through Virtual Learning on Historical Content
The development of information and communication technology (ICT) has transformed education through the implementation of online learning, particularly with Virtual Classrooms. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Virtual Classroom use in the Basic Concepts of Social Studies course for students of STKIP Kusumanegara. The research involved 30 students who participated in online lectures via a digital platform equipped with features such as learning materials, discussion forums, quizzes, and online assignments. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed to analyze students’ conceptual understanding, engagement, and competence achievement. The findings reveal that Virtual Classrooms provide learning flexibility, broaden access to resources, and foster student independence. However, several challenges were identified, including limited internet access, inadequate devices, and low participation in online discussions. These constraints influenced conceptual comprehension and lecturer–student interaction. Despite these obstacles, the use of Virtual Classrooms remains effective as an alternative as well as a complementary medium to face-to-face learning, especially when supported by active and collaborative learning strategies. The study concludes that Virtual Classrooms hold significant potential for improving the quality of teaching the Basic Concepts of Social Studies, though further development of innovative methods and approaches is necessary. These findings are expected to serve as a foundation for enhancing technology-based learning in higher education, particularly in teacher education programs.
Copyright (c) 2025 Andy Ahmad, Ahmad Syaikhu, Fajar Wahyudi Utomo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Corporate Social Responsibility Communication Strategy of Pertamina Subholding Upstream Regional Java in Enhancing Corporate Image
This study aims to analyze the communication strategies implemented by the Communication, Relations, & Community Involvement and Development (CID) Team of Pertamina Subholding Upstream Regional Java in carrying out Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs to shape and strengthen the company’s image amidst social dynamics and high public expectations. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach and refers to the four-phase public relations communication strategy model by Cutlip et al. (2016), which includes fact finding, planning and programming, taking action and communicating, and evaluating the problem. Data were collected through in depth interviews, field observations, and document analysis. The findings show that a structured, collaborative, and sustainable communication strategy effectively promotes active public engagement and increases community satisfaction with the CSR programs. Programs such as Pendidikan Lingkungan untuk Anak (PELITA) and other initiatives are implemented through a multiyear approach and widely disseminated via conventional media, mass media, and social media platforms. Program evaluations are carried out using tools such as Social Return on Investment (SROI) and the Community Satisfaction Index (IKM), which demonstrate that CSR programs not only create significant social impact but also enhance the company’s reputation. Open and participatory two-way communication proves to be the key to the success of these strategies. The study concludes that strategically implemented CSR serves not only as a form of corporate social responsibility but also as a vital instrument for building public trust and legitimacy.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aulia Azza, Amiruddin Saleh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Analysis of Digital Illustrator Nathaniel Jonathan's Responsibility from the Perspective of Work Originality
The rapid development of Generative AI has intensified the unauthorized extraction of digital artwork as training data, creating vulnerabilities that threaten the integrity and career sustainability of young digital artists. This urgency is reinforced by the limited legal and practical protections available to prevent data scraping, style imitation, and attribution loss in the digital environments. This research aims to describe the creative process, publication strategies, copyright-related experiences, and the forms of artistic responsibilities demonstrated by digital artist Nathaniel Jonathan in maintaining the originality of his work within the development of technology. Employing qualitative research with a single case study approach, data is collected through in-depth interviews, online observation, and documentation study, which were then analyzed using Miles and Huberman's interactive model with source triangulation validation and member check. The findings show that Nathaniel’s creative process is done systematically and research based, while his publication practices emphasize transparency through process documentation, Creative commons licensing, and the routine inclusion of detailed tool and software descriptions in social media posts as informal markers of authorship. His encounters with plagiarism and AI reflect a critical yet pragmatic stance, where AI is used only for early ideation and always subjected to substantial modification and explicit disclosure. Overall, the study demonstrates that contemporary artistic responsibility involves integrating personal accountability, ethical communication, and community education to reinforce originality and support a sustainable digital art ecosystem in the era of generative technology.
Copyright (c) 2025 Shidqan Aulia Robhani, Abdul Rahman Prasetyo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Work Stress Management Due to Fatigue Among Textile Workers
Work stress in the workplace is an important issue that requires special attention, because if not properly managed, it can lead to various serious symptoms that affect employees’ health, productivity, and capability. The aims of research to analyze the relationship between fatigue and work stress. Methods: This research used a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design approach. The study was conducted from April to June 2025. The sampling technique used was random sampling with a sample of 41 respondents. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. Results: Work stress was experienced by 46.34% of workers, and 48.78% experienced fatigue. Among those who were fatigued, 34.15% experienced work stress and 12.20% of non-fatigued workers experienced work stress. Meanwhile, 39.02% of non-fatigued workers did not experience work stress, and 14.63% of fatigued workers did not experience work stress. The significance test result showed p = 0.004, indicating that fatigue is related with work stress among textile workers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tutug Bolet Atmojo, Seviana Rinawati, Warda Yussy Rha, Sumardiyono, Maria Paskanita Wijanarti, Lusi Ismayenti, Farhana Syahrotun Nisa Suratna, Jordan Syah Gustav, Bekti Utomo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Effect of Work Motivation and Work Environment on Job Promotion
This research aims to analyze the effect of work motivation and work environment on job promotion at the Employee Cooperative of Bank Indonesia (KOPEBI), Jakarta. The study applies a quantitative approach with an associative method. The total population of 60 employees was used as the sample through a saturated sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 26. The analysis includes validity and reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, and hypothesis testing. The results show that work motivation has a positive and significant effect on job promotion, with a t-value of 7.617 > 1.672 and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. The work environment also has a positive and significant effect on job promotion, with a t-value of 12.004 > 1.672 and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. Simultaneously, work motivation and work environment have a positive and significant effect on job promotion, indicated by an F-value of 71.266 > 2.766 and a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05. The coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.711, meaning that 71.1% of the variation in job promotion is explained by both variables. These findings confirm that a motivated workforce supported by a conducive work environment contributes substantially to employees’ promotion opportunities at KOPEBI.
Copyright (c) 2025 Munawar Miftahul Ulum, Yhonanda Harsono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimizing the Role of Production Assistants: The Key to Production Efficiency in the 'Food Diary' Program on iNews
This study discusses the optimization of the role of Production Assistants (PAs) in improving the production efficiency of the "Food Diary" program on iNews. Although the PA position is often considered an entry-level position, this role is actually very crucial. Although PAs are not fully responsible for the entire program production, PAs hold significant responsibility in maintaining the smooth running of the television production process. The issues examined in this study include the role of PAs from the pre-production to post-production stages, as well as the extent of PAs' contribution to improving the production efficiency of the "Food Diary" program on iNews. The purpose of this study is to determine the real contribution of PAs to production efficiency and understand strategies for optimizing their role in television program production activities. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, direct observation, and documentation. The results show that PAs are actively involved in all stages of production, from ensuring the readiness of equipment and logistics during pre-production, maintaining technical smoothness and crew coordination during production, to assisting in the editing process, searching for graphic materials, adding background sound, and finalizing the final broadcast during the post-production stage. Optimizing the role of a PA can be achieved by improving communication skills, time management, and technical knowledge in production. PAs significantly contribute to increasing production efficiency, both in terms of time, inter-team coordination, and technical smoothness in the field.
Copyright (c) 2025 Khairunnisa Rahayu, Suparman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Public Relations Strategy of the Bogor City Council Secretariat in Carrying Out Instagram Content Activities @setwankotabogor
This study aims to analyze the strategies implemented by the Public Relations of the Bogor City DPRD Secretariat in managing the Instagram content of @Setwankotabogor. The method used is descriptive qualitative with interviews as the data collection technique. The results of the study indicate that the Public Relations of the Bogor City DPRD uses Instagram to increase transparency and a positive image of the institution. The Public Relations team coordinates in creating content and adapts themes to emerging local issues. However, the main challenges faced are limited creative ideas and low interaction from the audience. Recommendations given are to increase content creativity, interaction with the audience, and further support from the organization.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anisa Alifah Jahro, Vivien Febri Astuti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Principal Supervision at The Educational Unit Level: Implementation of Organizational Management and Control
This study aims to analyze the implementation of principal supervision at the educational unit level through a management and organizational theory approach. The method used is a systematic literature review with data sources in the form of national education regulations, classical to contemporary organizational theories (Weber, Taylor, Likert, Simons), and empirical research results in the period 2013–2023. Article selection was carried out based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Metaanalyses) guidelines, searches were conducted through Scopus, Web of Science, and Sinta (Indonesia), so that 20 articles were selected that met the inclusion criteria. The results of the study show that the implementation of principal supervision in Indonesia still faces various challenges, such as limited supervisor competence, minimal training, lack of technology utilization, and gaps between national policies and local practices. Analysis based on management theory reveals that the supervision system has not fully implemented the principles of bureaucracy, managerial efficiency, participatory leadership, and strategic control. Therefore, educational supervision reform is needed through mentoring-based supervision, digitalization of the supervision process, strengthening the capacity of supervisors and principals, and adjusting policies to local conditions. These findings are expected to provide theoretical and practical contributions in strengthening the effectiveness of the principal supervision system in Indonesia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Linda Afriani, Ibrahim Bafadal, Aan Fardani Ubaidillah, Tria Ina Utari, Rina Chidayatiningsih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0